Hoʻohana i ka sensor i ke kukui

I kēia manawa, ʻelua ʻano mea ʻike i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kukui: ʻike infrared a me ka sensor microwave.

Electromagnetic spectrum

No nā nalu electromagnetic ʻelua a me ka microwave.Hōʻike ʻia ke kikoʻī electromagnetic o ka hawewe electromagnetic ma ke ʻano o ka lōʻihi o ka nalu a i ʻole ke alapine a me ka ikehu ma ke kiʻi e like me lalo.

1 Electromagnetic spectrum

ʻIke ʻulaʻula

●Kuhihihi infrared

ʻO ke kukuna infrared (IR) he hawewe electromagnetic me ke alapine ma waena o ka microwave a me ke kukui ʻike ʻia.ʻO ia ka inoa maʻamau o ka radiation me ke alapine o 0.3THz ~ 400THz i ka spectrum electromagnetic a me kahi hawewe o 1mm ~ 750nm i loko o ka hakahaka.He kukui ʻike ʻole ʻia me ke alapine haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kukui ʻulaʻula.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hihi infrared i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: Near infrared ray (high frequency infrared ray, high energy), a me ka hawewe (3 ~ 2.5) μm~(1~0.75) μ M;ʻO ke kukui infrared medium (medium frequency infrared ray, haʻahaʻa ikehu), ka lōʻihi o ka nalu (40 ~ 25) μ m~(3~2.5) μ M;ʻO ke kukuna infrared lōʻihi (ke kukuna infrared haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka ikehu haʻahaʻa), ka lōʻihi o ka nalu 1500 μ m~(40~25) μ M. ʻO ke kukuna Infrared (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hihi infrared mamao) he hopena wela ikaika.Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohauʻoli me ka hapa nui o nā molekole inorganic a me nā macromolecules organik i loko o nā mea ola, e hoʻolalelale i ka neʻe ʻana o kēia mau molekala a hamo kekahi i kekahi, i mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka wela.No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hihi infrared no ka hoʻomehana a me ka spectroscopy molecular.Ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Terahertz ray" a i ʻole "terahertz kukui" ma ka noiʻi ʻepekema.

He hopena wela ka hihi infrared a hiki ke ho'ōho me ka hapa nui o nā mole e hoʻohuli i ka ikehu māmā (ka ikehu o ka hawewe electromagnetic) i ikehu intramolecular (wela).Hoʻouna ʻia ka wela o ka lā i ka honua ma o nā kukuna infrared.

Ma ka physics, hiki i nā mea ma luna o ka ʻole loa (0k, be. - 273.15 ℃) ke hana i nā kukui infrared (a me nā ʻano hawewe electromagnetic ʻē aʻe).Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻeleʻele (thermal radiation).

ʻAʻole hiki ke hele aku ka hihi infrared i kekahi mea opaque.Inā hoʻopuka ʻo ia i nā kukuna infrared, ʻaʻohe mea pili me ke ola.ʻO nā mea me nā lōʻihi nalu infrared ʻokoʻa e hoʻokuʻu i nā mahana like ʻole.ʻO nā kumu penei: ʻo ka hana ʻana o nā kukuna infrared

ma muli o ka haʻalulu o nā molekala ma ka ʻili o nā mea.Loaʻa i nā mea like ʻole nā ​​alapine haʻalulu kūlohelohe, no laila ʻokoʻa nā nalu infrared.

●Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sensor infrared i ke kukui

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mea ʻike infrared ma ke kukui me ke kaʻapuni ʻike hihi infrared, ka pōʻaiapuni hoʻōla hōʻailona infrared, ka kaapuni hoʻololi hoʻopuka hōʻailona a me ke kaapuni lako mana.

ʻO ka sensor infrared kahi huahana hoʻomalu aunoa e pili ana i ka ʻenehana infrared.Ke komo ke kino o ke kanaka i ka laulā sensing, ʻike ka mea ʻike kūikawā i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka spectrum infrared o ke kino kanaka a hoʻohuli koke i ka ukana.

2 Hoʻokomo kino kanaka

Ma keʻano laulā, hoʻohana maʻamau ke kumu sensor infrared o nā huahana kukui i ka ʻāpana pyroelectric.Ke hoʻololi ka mahana o ka radiation infrared o ke kino kanaka, e nalowale kēia ʻāpana i ke koena o ka uku a hoʻokuʻu i waho.Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o ke kaapuni hope, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaka i ka hana hoʻololi.He wela kino mau ke kino o ke kanaka, ma ke ʻano he 37 degere, no laila e hoʻopuka ʻo ia i nā kukuna infrared me kahi hawewe kikoʻī ma kahi o 10um.Ke hana nei ka ʻimi infrared passive ma ka ʻike ʻana i nā kukuna infrared i hoʻopuka ʻia e ke kino kanaka.Ma kahi o 10um infrared ray i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ke kino o ke kanaka e kau ʻia ma ke kumu ʻike infrared ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana e ka lens Fresnel.

3 Infrared induction

Hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia ka hoʻololi sensor infrared no ke kino o ke kanaka, ʻoluʻolu, kūpono, palekana a mālama i ka ikehu, a hōʻike i ka mālama kanaka.Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike ma mua o ka mea ʻike microwave.I ka manawa like, ua kaupalena ke kiʻekiʻe, a ʻoi aku ka lohi o ka wikiwiki o ka hana ma mua o ka mea ʻike microwave.

Nani uila

●Nalu uila

Hōʻike ka microwave i ka nalu electromagnetic me ka alapine o 300MHz-300GHz.ʻO ia ka pōkole o kahi kaha alapine i kaupalena ʻia i ka nalu lekiō, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka nalu electromagnetic me ka lōʻihi o ka nalu ma waena o 1m (koe ʻole 1m) a me 1mm.ʻO ia ka huaʻōlelo maʻamau o ka nalu decimeter, ka hawewe kenimika, ka nalu millimeter a me ka nalu submillimeter, nona ka mālamalama ʻike ʻole.ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke alapine microwave ma mua o ke alapine hawewe lekiō maʻamau, i kapa ʻia ʻo "UHF electromagnetic wave".Ma ke ʻano he hawewe electromagnetic, loaʻa i ka microwave kekahi ʻāpana ʻāpana nalu.

ʻO ke ʻano ʻelua o ka hawewe-particle, loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano nalu a me nā ʻano ʻāpana.Hiki iā ia ke hele i mua e like me ka nalu a hōʻike i nā ʻano o nā ʻāpana.No laila, kapa mākou iā ia he "wave particle duality".

4 ʻO ka hawewe ʻāpana pālua

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā waiwai kumu o ka microwave i ʻekolu mau hiʻohiʻona: ke komo, ka noʻonoʻo a me ka absorption.No ke aniani, ka plastic a me ka porcelain, aneane e hele nā ​​microwave me ka ʻole o ka komo ʻana.No ka wai a me ka meaʻai, e hoʻomoʻa ia i nā microwaves a e wela iā ia iho.No nā mea metala, e hōʻike lākou i nā microwaves.

Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka nui o ke komo ʻana o ka microwave o ke aniani, ka plastic, ka lāʻau a me ka porcelain.ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o 2450MHz Microwave ke komo ʻana ma kahi o 6cm.ʻO 915MHz ka 8cm.He mea ʻole ka manawa komo.

●Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea ʻike microwave i ke kukui

Hoʻohana ka ʻenekini microwave i ke kumu Doppler e hoʻouna a loaʻa i nā hōʻailona microwave kiʻekiʻe (ʻike pololei i ka hoʻololi o ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea), a hoʻomalu i ka hoʻohuli ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kukui ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hōʻailona a me ka ʻike naʻauao o ka polokalamu microcomputer single-chip.

Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka ikehu microwave e DC a i ʻole 50Hz AC ma o kahi mea hana kūikawā.Nui nā ʻano mea hana i hiki ke hana i ka microwave, akā ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: nā mea semiconductor a me nā mea uila uila.

Ke hoʻohana nei ka mea hoʻoponopono microwave i kahi antenna micro-ring me kahi anawaena no ka ʻike microwave.Hoʻokumu ka antenna i kahi elliptical radius (hoʻololi) spatial microwave makaʻala wahi ma ke kuhikuhi axis.Ke neʻe ke kino o ke kanaka, hoʻopilikia ka leo i hōʻike ʻia e ia i ke kahua microwave kumu (a i ʻole ka alapine) i hoʻouna ʻia e ka mea hoʻokele microwave sensor a hoʻololi.Hoʻopili ʻia ke kukui sensor infrared me kahi diode hoʻouna infrared a me kahi diode hoʻokipa.Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana, ka hoʻonui ʻana, ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana a me ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i ka hana ʻana, hoʻopuka ka uea keʻokeʻo i ka hōʻailona mana voltage.

5 mea ike

Ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona o ka microwave, loaʻa iā ia ka nalo hoʻolaha nui i ka lewa a me ka mamao o ka hoʻouna ʻana, akā maikaʻi ka neʻe ʻana a me ka bandwidth hana nui.Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻenehana hawewe millimeter i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kamaʻilio kelepona ʻo 5G, ʻo ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka microwave ka hapa nui i ka hawewe metala a me ka nalu dielectric.Hiki ke ʻike ʻo Microwave sensor i nā mea hoʻoikaika a loaʻa kahi ākea noi.

I kēia manawa, i ka hoʻohui ʻana i kekahi mau lula pono e like me: nā lula palekana, EMC, nā kūlana palekana kaiapuni, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. , a i ʻole e hoʻokolokolo inā hoʻokō lākou i nā koi e like me nā kūlana i ʻaelike ʻia ma waena o ka mea kūʻai aku a me ka mea hana a me ka ʻike mea hoʻohana.

6 hookomo-1

7 induction-2

Hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia nā huahana kukui āpau o Wellway e like me nā koi o nā mea kūʻai aku.ʻO nā huahana oʻo e loaʻa i ke kukui pale aniani LED me ka sensor, ke kukui pale lepo LED me ka mea ʻike, ke kukui kukui LED me ka sensor a pēlā aku.I kēia manawa, hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano mea ʻike microwave i nā huahana āpau.Loaʻa iā Wellyway kahi hale hana kūikawā no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka naʻau a me ka mamao o nā mea ʻike microwave e hōʻoia i ka hilinaʻi a me ka paʻa o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana.Hoʻokipa maikaʻi mākou i nā mea kūʻai aku e kipa, e ʻōlelo i kā mākou hale hana a hui pū me mākou.

(No ka Pūnaewele mai kekahi mau kiʻi. Inā he hewa, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona a holoi koke iā ia)

 


Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-22-2022
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