Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zezivamvo ezisetyenziswa kwizibane: i-infrared sensor kunye ne-microwave sensor.
I-electromagnetic spectrum
Zombini imitha ye-infrared kunye ne-microwave ngamaza ombane wombane.Umzobo we-electromagnetic wave we-electromagnetic wave ngokolandelelwano lwe-wavelength okanye frequency kunye namandla iboniswe kulo mzobo ungezantsi:
Isivamvo se-infrared
● Imitha ye-infrared
Ireyi ye-infrared (IR) liza le-electromagnetic wave phakathi kwe-microwave kunye nokukhanya okubonakalayo.Ligama eliqhelekileyo lemitha yemitha kunye ne-0.3THz ~ 400THz kwi-spectrum ye-electromagnetic kunye ne-wavelength ye-1mm ~ 750nm kwi-vacuum.Kukukhanya okungabonakaliyo kunye ne-frequency ephantsi kunokukhanya okubomvu.
Imitha ye-infrared inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amathathu: Kufuphi imitha ye-infrared (i-reyidi ye-infrared ephezulu, amandla aphezulu), kunye nobude be-wavelength (3 ~ 2.5) μ m～(1~0.75) μ M;Imitha ye-infrared ephakathi(i-reyi ye-infrared ephakathi, amandla aphakathi), ubude be-wavelength (40 ~ 25) μ m～(3~2.5) μ M;Ireyi ye-infrared ekude (i-ray ye-infrared ephantsi, amandla aphantsi), ubude be-wavelength 1500 μ m～ (40 ~ 25) μ M. Ireyi ye-infrared (ingakumbi imitha ye-infrared ekude) inempembelelo enamandla yokushisa.Iyakwazi ukuhambelana neemolekyuli ezininzi ze-inorganic kunye ne-organic macromolecules kwizinto eziphilayo, isantya sokuhamba kwezi molekyuli kwaye ikhuhlane, ukuze yenze ubushushu.Ke ngoko, imitha ye-infrared ingasetyenziselwa ukufudumeza kunye ne-molecular spectroscopy.Imitha ye-infrared ekude ikwabizwa ngokuba "yi-Terahertz ray" okanye "ukukhanya kweterahertz" kuphando lwezenzululwazi.
Imitha ye-infrared inefuthe lobushushu kwaye inokunxibelelana neeathom ezininzi ukuguqula amandla okukhanya (amandla e-electromagnetic wave) abe ngamandla e-intramolecular (ubushushu).Ubushushu belanga bugqithiselwa emhlabeni ngemitha ye-infrared.
Kwifiziksi, izinto ezingaphezulu kwe-absolute zero (0k, be. - 273.15 ℃) zinokuvelisa imitha ye-infrared (kunye nezinye iindidi zamaza ombane).Ifiziksi yanamhlanje iyibiza ngokuba yi-blackbody radiation (thermal radiation).
I-infrared ray ayikwazi ukudlula kuyo nayiphi na into e-opaque.Nokuba ikhupha imitha ye-infrared ayinanto yakwenza nokuba kukho ubomi.Izinto ezinobude obuhlukeneyo be-infrared zikhupha amaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo.Izizathu zezi zilandelayo: isizukulwana semitha ye-infrared
okubangelwa kukushukuma kweemolekyuli kumphezulu wezinto.Izinto ezahlukeneyo zineezandi zokungcangcazelisa kwendalo ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke amaza e-infrared ahlukile.
● Ukusetyenziswa kwenzwa ye-infrared kwisibane
I-sensor ye-infrared kwisibane iqulethwe yi-infrared ray ye-circuit circuit, i-infrared ray processing circuit circuit, i-signal output control control circuit circuit kunye ne-power supply circuit.
Inzwa ye-infrared yimveliso yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo ngokusekelwe kwitekhnoloji ye-infrared.Xa umzimba womntu ungena kuluhlu lokuva, inzwa ekhethekileyo ibona utshintsho lwe-infrared spectrum yomzimba womntu kwaye iya kuvula umthwalo ngokuzenzekelayo.
Ngokubanzi, i-infrared sensor source yemveliso yokukhanyisa ihlala ithatha i-pyroelectric component.Xa ubushushu bemitha ye-infrared bomzimba womntu buguquka, eli candelo liya kuphulukana nebhalansi yentlawulo kwaye likhulule intlawulo ngaphandle.Emva kokuba isiphaluka esilandelayo sifunyenwe kwaye siqhutywe, sinokuqalisa isenzo sokutshintsha.Umzimba womntu unobushushu bomzimba obungaguqukiyo, ngokubanzi kwi-37 degrees, ngoko ke uya kukhupha imitha ye-infrared enobude obuthile obumalunga ne-10um.Iprobe ye-infrared esebenzayo isebenza ngokujonga imitha ye-infrared ekhutshwa ngumzimba womntu.Malunga ne-10um imitha ye-infrared ekhutshwa ngumzimba womntu igxile kumthombo wemvakalelo ye-infrared emva kokuphucula ilensi yeFresnel.
Ukutshintsha kwe-infrared sensor yenzelwe ngokukodwa umzimba womntu, onobuhlobo, ofanelekileyo, okhuselekileyo kunye nowonga amandla, kwaye ubonisa ukhathalelo lomntu.Nangona kunjalo, uluhlu lokufumanisa luncinci kunolo lwenzwa ye-microwave.Kwangaxeshanye, ukuphakama kukhawulelwe, kwaye isantya sokuphendula isenzo sicotha kuneso senzwa ye-microwave.
Isivamvo seMicrowave
●Imicrowave
I-Microwave ibhekisa kumaza e-electromagnetic kunye nobuninzi be-300MHz-300GHz.Sisishunqulelo sebhendi yefrikhwensi elinganiselweyo kumaza kanomathotholo, oko kukuthi, i-electromagnetic wave enobude obuphakathi kwe-1m (ngaphandle kwe-1m) kunye ne-1mm.Ligama eliqhelekileyo le-decimeter wave, i-centimeter wave, i-millimeter wave kunye ne-submillimeter wave, eyeyokukhanya okungabonakaliyo.I-microwave frequency iphezulu kune-frequency wave radio wave, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi "UHF electromagnetic wave".Njengomaza ombane we-electromagnetic, i-microwave ikwanayo nesuntswana lamaza.
Ubumbini besuntswana lamaza buthetha ukuba ineempawu zamaza kunye neempawu zamasuntswana.Inokuhamba ibheka phambili njengeliza kwaye ibonise iimpawu zamasuntswana.Ke ngoko, siyibiza ngokuba "ngamaza amasuntswana amabini".
Iimpawu ezisisiseko ze-microwave zihlala zibonisa iimpawu ezintathu: ukungena, ukubonakalisa kunye nokufunxa.Kwiglasi, iplastiki kunye neporcelain, ii-microwaves ziphantse zidlule ngaphandle kokufunxwa.Amanzi kunye nokutya, iyakufunxa ii-microwaves kwaye izenze shushu.Kwizinto zetsimbi, ziya kubonakalisa ii-microwaves.
Izinga lokungena kwi-microwave yeglasi, iplastiki, iplanga kunye neporcelain inokuqondwa njengento enye.Ithiyori ye-2450MHz yokungena kweMicrowave imalunga ne-6cm.I-915MHz yi-8cm.Ixesha lokungena alinakwa.
● Ukusetyenziswa kwenzwa ye-microwave kwisibane
Inzwa ye-microwave isebenzisa umgaqo we-Doppler ukuhambisa kunye nokufumana imiqondiso ye-microwave ephezulu-frequency (ukubona ngokuchanekileyo utshintsho lwentshukumo yezinto), kwaye ilawula ukucinywa kunye nokucima izibane zomthwalo ngokwandisa umqondiso kunye nokuchongwa okuhlakaniphile kweprogram ye-single-chip microcomputer.
Amandla e-Microwave adla ngokufunyanwa yi-DC okanye i-50Hz AC ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezixhobo ezinokuvelisa i-microwave, kodwa zahlulahlulwe kakhulu zibe ziindidi ezimbini: izixhobo zesemiconductor kunye nezixhobo zokucoca zombane.
Umlawuli woluvo lwe-microwave usebenzisa i-eriyali ye-micro-ring enobubanzi obuthile bokubona i-microwave.I-eriyali yenza i-elliptical radius (enokulungiswa) indawo yesilumkiso ye-microwave yendawo kwicala le-axis.Xa umzimba womntu uhamba, i-echo ebonakaliswe yiyo iphazamisa indawo yokuqala ye-microwave (okanye i-frequency) ethunyelwe ngumlawuli we-sensor ye-microwave kunye notshintsho.Isibane se-infrared sensor sidibene ne-infrared transmitting diode kunye ne-diode yokufumana.Emva kokufunyanwa, ukukhulisa, ukubunjwa, ukuthelekiswa okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokulibaziseka kokucubungula, i-wire emhlophe ikhupha isignali yokulawula umbane.
Ngenxa yeempawu ze-microwave, inelahleko enkulu yokusasaza emoyeni kunye nomgama omfutshane wokuhambisa, kodwa inokuhamba kakuhle kunye ne-bandwidth enkulu yokusebenza.Ukongeza kwitekhnoloji ye-millimeter wave esetyenziswa kunxibelelwano lwe-5G yeselula, ukuhanjiswa kwe-microwave kuninzi kwi-metal waveguide kunye ne-dielectric waveguide.Inzwa yeMicrowave inokubona izinto eziguquguqukayo kwaye inommandla obanzi wosetyenziso.
Okwangoku, ukongeza kweminye imithetho eyimfuneko njenge: imimiselo yokhuseleko, i-EMC, imigangatho yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, njl. njl., akukho migangatho enyanzelekileyo yereferensi yemisebenzi yenzwa, ngakumbi umgama wokuva kunye nexesha lokubonisa, elibhekiselele kwimigangatho jikelele yoshishino. , okanye bagwetywe ukuba bayahlangabezana neemfuno ngokwemigangatho ekuvunyelwene ngayo phakathi komthengi kunye nomvelisi kunye namava omsebenzisi.
Zonke iimveliso zokukhanyisa zeWellway zinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokweemfuno zabathengi.Iimveliso ezivuthiweyo ziquka isibane sobungqina bemozulu ye-LED kunye ne-sensor, isibane se-LED sobungqina bothuli kunye ne-sensor, isibane sesilingi se-LED kunye ne-sensor kunye nokunye.Okwangoku, imowudi yoluvo lwe-microwave yamkelwa kuzo zonke iimveliso ezininzi.I-Wellyway inelabhoratri ekhethekileyo yokuvavanya ubuntununtunu kunye nomgama weenzwa ze-microwave ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokuzinza komgangatho wemveliso.Samkela ngokunyanisekileyo abathengi ukuba bandwendwele, bacebise umzi-mveliso wethu kwaye basebenzisane nathi.
(Eminye imifanekiso iphuma kwi-Intanethi. Ukuba kukho ukophulwa komthetho, nceda uqhagamshelane kwaye uyicime ngokukhawuleza)
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-22-2022